Article Published In Vol.12 (Jan-Feb 2024)

Assessment of Macular Thickness and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness by Spectral Domain OCT in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy in Relation to the Glycemic Status and Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein levels

Author : Rahul Deb Bera, Subhra Chandra Chandra, Sarmistha Mukherjee, Moumita Chakrabarty and Rajrupa Ghosh

Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is a vascular disorder affecting the microvasculature of the retina. It is estimated that diabetes mellitus affects 4% of the world’s population, almost half of whom have some degree of DR at any given time. Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of new cases of blindness among adults aged 20 to 74 years. India has more the 62 million diabetic subjects at present as per WHO estimates (8). Prevalence of DR in winconsin epidemiological study of diabetic retinopathy (WESDR) was 99%in Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) & 60% in noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) Prevalence of DR was 54.2% in the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) study in IDDM and 35-39% in United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes study in NIIDM (5). In the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS) of self-reported diabetics the prevalence of DR was 22.4% in the Chennai Urban Rural Study (CURES), done in 2005 they evaluated the urban sample of diabetic patients and estimate the overall prevalence of DR as 17.6% (9).This study airs to measure retinal nerve fibre layer thickness & macular thickness in diabetic patients without retinopathy, by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) and to find out quadrant has maximum change in thickness. The study aims to find the clinical significance of the correlation for practical use.

Keywords: Diabetes retinopathy, WESDR, IDDM, NIIDM etc.