Facteurs associés à l’échec de traitement de la tuberculose pulmonaire dans les centres de diagnostic et traitement de la ville de Mbujimayi au Kasaï-Oriental : étude cas-témoins

Abstract

Introduction: Treatment failure poses a threat to tuberculosis control. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with treatment failure in the city of Mbujimayi. 

Methods: A case-control study carried out in the city's screening and treatment centers between January 2021 and December 2023. Cases are tuberculosis patients who have failed treatment and controls are those who have been cured. Each case was matched to 2 controls, based on age (± 5 years). Multivariate logistic regression analysis looked for factors associated with treatment failure. 

Results: The sample consisted of 225 subjects including 75 cases and 150 controls. The factors identified were: history of TB (ORa 61.2; 95% CI [6.8-552.1]), forgetting to take medication (ORa 9.1; 95% CI [1.9-41.5]), failure to supply medication (ORa 6.0; 95% CI [1.8-20.2]), insufficient knowledge of the route of transmission of TB (ORa 3.1; 95% CI [1.1-9.6]) and duration of TB treatment (ORa 4.1; 95% CI [1.3-13.2]). (4) Conclusion: This study identified the factors associated with treatment failure. Treatment adherence, community monitoring and health education can prevent treatment failure.