Role of DG in Enhancement of Voltage Stability and Technological Innovations for DG Integration

Abstract

Voltage stability is a critical aspect of power system operation, especially in the context of increasing demand, aging infrastructure, and the transition to cleaner energy sources. Distributed Generation (DG), encompassing renewable energy systems such as solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, and small-scale hydropower, has emerged as a pivotal technology in enhancing voltage stability. This paper explores the role of DG in maintaining and improving voltage stability in modern power systems. DG systems offer localized generation, which reduces transmission losses, mitigates voltage drops, and enhances the resilience of power networks. By injecting power closer to the load centers, DG helps maintain voltage levels within permissible limits, particularly during peak demand or contingency scenarios. Additionally, DG can support reactive power compensation and reduce dependency on central generation, leading to more balanced power flows and improved system reliability. The integration of DG, however, introduces challenges such as voltage fluctuations, reverse power flows, and potential harmonics. Advanced control strategies, grid modernization, and effective energy storage systems are essential to address these issues and fully realize the benefits of DG. This study emphasizes the synergistic role of DG in enhancing voltage stability, highlighting its technical, economic, and environmental implications. By leveraging the potential of DG, utilities can achieve a more robust and sustainable power system, aligning with global energy transition goals.