Ethnic and Geographical Distribution of Sickle Cell Disease Patients Referred to Al-gadarif Teaching Hospital (East of Sudan)
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Background: This is a descriptive, cross –sectional, analytical study has been carried out in Algadrif hospital (East of Sudan) to detect the ethnic and geographical distribution of sickle cell anemia (SCD) patients referring to hospital.
Study design: This study was designed to determine the ethnic and geographical distribution of sickle cell anemia in patients referring to hospital East of Sudan and consent was taken from the health authority.
Materials and methods: Hundred blood samples were collected into EDTA blood containers (5 ml) from different SCD patients. All samples were investigated by mythic 18 for CBC and also investigated for Hb type using of Hb electrophoresis.
Results: The study showed that the frequency of SCD was found in Hosa tribe with frequency of 57% Followed by Falata, Burno, four, Masalet , Tama and Messeria with frequencies of 18%,9%7%,5%,3% 1% respectively .Geographic distribution showed that the highest frequencies of SCD were found in tribes originated from outside Sudan (Hosa , Falata ,Tama, Burno) with percentage of 87 % &the lowest were found in tribes originated from Kurdufan state (Messeria) with frequency of (1%). Also the study showed that no case was recorded from tribes of North , South and East of Sudan. The result showed that the percentage distribution of patients according to Hb type was 53% for AS and 47% for SS.
Conclusion: Most common tribes that had been affected with SCA in ALgdarif state was Hussa tribe that originated from abroad Sudan, where the lowest one was Misseria that originated from the West of Sudan.
Keywords: Sickle cell disease, Sudanese tribes, East of Sudan