Surgical and Clinical Review of Acute Appendicitis

Abstract

Appendix or vermiform appendix; also called cecal or caecal appendix; also vermix). All researchers defined it as a blind-ended tube connected to the cecum. The cecum is a pouch like structure of the colon , localized  at the junction point of the large and small  intestines. Appendicitis is caused by a blockage of the hollow portion of the appendix, most commonly by a calcified "stone" made of feces. However, inflamed lymphoid tissue from a microbial infection, parasites, gallstone  as well as  tumors may also lead to the appendix blockage. Appendicitis diagnosis is largely based on signs and symptoms. When the diagnosis cannot be made based on the person's history and physical exam; specialists must be go to   laboratory tests, radiographic imaging and close observations can often be helpful. The two most common imaging tests used are ultrasound and computed tomography (CT scan). The first treatment option for acute appendicitis is surgical removal of the appendix, through open incision in the abdomen (laparotomy) or by a few smaller incisions with cameras (laparoscopy). To decreases the risk of side effects during surgical removal some surgeons used alternative line treatment which is antibiotics to avoid rupture appendicitis during surgical operation. In 2013 acute appendicitis resulted in 72,000 deaths globally.